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The Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM) is a political party and paramilitary organization in Somalia, and a key faction in the Somali Civil War.〔(The Fall of Siad Barre and the Descent into Civil War ) Nations Encyclopaedia〕 Commanded originally Ahmed Omar Jess then by Aden Abdullahi Nur Gabyow (a defence minister under former dictator Mohamed Siad Barre), it was based in the southwestern area of the country, and had considerable influence in the leaderless country. Begun by a group of affected mainly Ogadeni or Absame privates, with an area of operations centred on Kismayo and the Kenyan border (mid and Lower Jubba). They were early allies of the UNC in operations against Siad Barre. A key accomplishment was the seizure of Bale-Dogle air base in the days prior to Barre's flight from Mogadishu.〔(The Liberation Movements of Somalia ) Jack L. Davies, 27 August 1994〕 However, after Barre's flight, when Ali Mahdi's Manifesto Group announced the formation of an "interim government" without consulting SPM leadership, a crisis ensued. After fighting broke out between the Manifesto Group supporters and the SPM, the SPM was accused of suddenly reversing direction and allied itself with Barre, who was seeking to reestablish his regime. This reversal was angrily resisted by many of the original Ogadeni, who split off into their own faction. The SPM thus sundered into two tribal-oriented factions: * SPM Absame, or SPM-SNA, under Ahmed Omar Jess and Gedi Ugas Madhar * SPM Harti, under Aden Abdillahi Nur "Gabyow" (Himself from Ogaden Absame clan: Chairman) and General Mohamed Siad Hersi "Morgan" (Militia Commander) On August 12, 1992, the SPM mainly Absame faction joined General Aidid to form the Somali National Alliance. The SPM fractured along tribal lines, and massacres and ethnic cleansing began between the two rival factions, as well as their external enemies. In 1998, the SPM (Harti/Absame) under General "Morgan", based out of Kismayo, founded the autonomous state of Jubbaland. They were strenuously opposed by the Allied Somali Forces, which later became the Jubba Valley Alliance. The SPM and ASF/JVA contended over the control of south Somalia until the JVA proved victorious, driving General "Morgan" into exile. ==See also== * Somali Civil War * Factions in the Somali Civil War 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Somali Patriotic Movement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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